![]() These options may contain values for options such as Security, Record Route, Time Stamp, etc. Options − This is optional field, which is used if the value of IHL is greater than 5.Destination Address − 32-bit address of the Receiver (or destination) of the packet.Source Address − 32-bit address of the Sender (or source) of the packet.The TCP/IP transport performs IP checksum tasks on the transport IP header. If a packet has both a tunnel IP header and a transport IP header, a NIC that supports IP checksum offloads performs IP checksum tasks only on the tunnel header. Header Checksum − This field is used to keep checksum value of entire header which is then used to check if the packet is received error-free. The miniport driver passes the packet to the NIC, which calculates the appropriate checksums for the packet.For example protocol number of ICMP is 1, TCP is 6 and UDP is 17. Protocol − Tells the Network layer at the destination host, to which Protocol this packet belongs to, i.e.At each hop, its value is decremented by one and when the value reaches zero, the packet is discarded. Time to Live − To avoid looping in the network, every packet is sent with some TTL value set, which tells the network how many routers (hops) this packet can cross.Fragment Offset − This offset tells the exact position of the fragment in the original IP Packet.In this 3-bit flag, the MSB is always set to ‘0’. Flags − As required by the network resources, if IP Packet is too large to handle, these ‘flags’ tells if they can be fragmented or not.1 The IPv6 protocol does not use header checksums. It is carried in the IP packet header, and represents the 16-bit result of summation of the header words. to identify original IP packet they belong to. The IPv4 header checksum is a checksum used in version 4 of the Internet Protocol (IPv4) to detect corruption in the header of IPv4 packets. Identification − If IP packet is fragmented during the transmission, all the fragments contain same identification number.Total Length − Length of entire IP Packet (including IP header and IP Payload). ![]() ECN − Explicit Congestion Notification It carries information about the congestion seen in the route.DSCP − Differentiated Services Code Point this is Type of Service.IHL − Internet Header Length Length of entire IP header.
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